Climatechangeandenvironmentaldegradati on pose pressing global challenges, necessitating innovative solutions to mitigate their impacts. Mathematical modelling offers a powerful tool for understanding complex climate and environmental systems, enabling policy makers to make informed decisions. This paper explores the application of mathematical modelling to climate change and environmental issues, focusing on temperature modelling, transportation modelling, and game theoretic approaches, recent advances, challenges and future directions are discussed, highlighting the critical role of mathematical modelling in informingclimatepolicy and environmental decision-making