In recent years, social media has emerged as a powerful force reshaping electoral politics in India. The country, with over 800 million internet users and a vibrant democratic tradition, has witnessed a digital transformation in how political campaigns are conducted and how voters engage with democratic processes. Platforms such as Facebook, Twitter (now X), Instagram, YouTube, and WhatsApp are now central tools for political communication, outreach, and mobilization. Political parties and candidates use these platforms to craft highly targeted and personalized campaign strategies, leveraging data analytics, real-time feedback, and viral content to shape public opinion. This digital engagement is especially influential among young voters, first-time voters, and urban middle-class populations. Leaders like Prime Minister Narendra Modi have effectively used social media to bypass traditional media and directly connect with millions of citizens, setting a precedent for political communication in the digital age. However, this transformation has brought serious challenges. The unregulated spread of fake news, deepfakes, and political propaganda—particularly via encrypted platforms like WhatsApp—has the potential to distort democratic discourse. Misinformation has influenced voter behavior, stoked communal tensions, and undermined electoral integrity. Additionally, micro-targeted political advertising based on harvested user data raises concerns about privacy and manipulation. Social media has also contributed to political polarization by reinforcing echo chambers, reducing exposure to diverse viewpoints, and fueling online hate speech. Yet, paradoxically, it has created spaces for marginalized communities, women, and civil society actors to voice their concerns, organize movements, and promote civic awareness. Government bodies such as the Election Commission of India have initiated steps to regulate digital campaigning, enforce transparency in political advertisements, and promote voter awareness through social media. However, the rapid pace of digital change continues to outstrip regulatory efforts. This paper argues that while social media has democratized political communication and increased access to political information, it has also introduced new vulnerabilities that threaten the health of India’s electoral democracy. The future of elections in India will increasingly depend on how social media is governed, how users are educated to engage critically with digital content, and how platforms are held accountable for their influence on public opinion and democratic institutions. In conclusion, social media is both a transformative and disruptive force in Indian electoral politics. A balanced approach—one that fosters transparency, accountability, and inclusivity—will be critical to ensuring that technology strengthens rather than undermines Indian democracy